SPE

Combination phase for SPE of hydrocarbons from water acc. to DIN H53 / ISO DIS 9377-4

Special combination phase of sodium sulphate and Florisil^®.

Recommended application: hydrocarbons from drinking, surface and waste waters.

Octadecyl modified silica phase for SPE, endcapped

Base material silica, pore size 60 Å, particle size 45 µm for C₁₈ ec, 100 µm for C₁₈ ec f (for fast flow), specific surface 500 m²/g, pH stability 2 to 8. Octadecyl phases, endcapped, carbon content 14 % very non-polar, hydrophobic interactions with a wide variety of organic compounds. Advantageous for clean-up of samples with large structural variations (polarity differences).

Recommended applications: non-polar compounds, aflatoxins, amphetamines, antibiotics, antiepileptics, barbiturates, caffeine, drugs, preservatives, fatty acids, nicotine, PAHs, pesticides, PCBs, heavy metals, vitamins. Very well suited for desalting of samples.

Aminopropyl modified silica phase for SPE

Base material silica, pore size 60Å, particle size 45µm, specific surface 500m²/g, pH stability 2 to 8, aminopropyl phase, carbon content 3.5%, polar, weak anion exchanger.

Recommended applications: trace elements, lipids.

For simultaneous preparation of up to 12 or 24 samples,
replacement parts and accessories for special applications.

Vacuum manifold complete consists of: glass cabinet with lid and lid gasket, removable needles on lower side of lid, vacuum gauge, control valve, valves and caps, variable rack.

Combination phase for SPE analysis of PAH from water containing humic acids

Special combination phase: aminopropyl phase for removal of interfering humic acids, octadecyl phase for enrichment of PAH.

Recommended application: PAH from water containing humic acids.

QuEChERS method and pre-mixes
Within a few years after its devleopment by Anastassiades et al. the QuEChERS method has gained a leading position for determination of pesticide residues in food by GC-MS or LC-MS allowing rapid and cheap clean-up of strong matrix-contaminated samples.
Standard clean-up of food samples
10 g sample are homogenised with 10 ml acetonitrile. After adding the internal standard the sample is shaken with 4 g MgSO₄ and 1 g NaCI and afterwards centrifuged. 1 ml of the supernantant is spiked with 25 mg CHROMABOND^® Diamino and 150 mg MgSO₄ and shaken again. After centrifugation the supernatant is injected into the GC/MS.
Extraction mixtures for sample preparation for determination of pesticides in food samples.

MACHEREY-NAGEL offers a number of individually weighed and pre-mixed buffers and extraction mixtures, specially composed for different sample matrices.
Mix I and Mix II are extraction mixtures, Mix III to Mix VI are clean-up mixtures.

The food samples will be extracted with either Mix I or Mix II.
Afterwards they will be purified with one of the following mixtures:

• Mix III (samples with low fat content; e.g. apples, strawberries),
• Mix IV (moderate content of chlorophyll and carotinoids; e. g. carrots, lettuce),
• Mix V (high content of chlorophyll and carotinoids; e. g. bell peppers, spinach),
• Mix VI (high fat content; e. g. avocados).

Unmodified silica phase for SPE

Unmodified, weakly acidic silica, pore size 60Å, particle size 45µm, specific surface 500m²/g, pH stability 2 to 8, very polar, adsorbs humidity from air, for this reason it should be kept well closed and if necessary dried before use due to its high affinity for polar compounds it should not be conditioned with polar (e.g. methanol) or water-containing solvents.

Recommended applications: aflatoxins, chloramphenicol, pesticides, steroids, vitamins.

Octadecyl modified silica phase for SPE, not endcapped

Base material silica, pore size 60 Å, particle size 45 µm for C₁₈, specific surface 500 m²/g, pH stability 2 to 8 octadecyl phases, not endcapped, carbon content 14 % possesses more free silanols (SiOH), which allow secondary interactions with polar groups of the analytes.

Recommended applications: non-polar compounds, pesticides.

QuEChERS method and pre-mixes
Within a few years after its devleopment by Anastassiades et al. the QuEChERS method has gained a leading position for determination of pesticide residues in food by GC-MS or LC-MS allowing rapid and cheap clean-up of strong matrix-contaminated samples.
Standard clean-up of food samples
10 g sample are homogenised with 10 ml acetonitrile. After adding the internal standard the sample is shaken with 4 g MgSO₄ and 1 g NaCI and afterwards centrifuged. 1 ml of the supernantant is spiked with 25 mg CHROMABOND^® Diamino and 150 mg MgSO₄ and shaken again. After centrifugation the supernatant is injected into the GC/MS.
Empty PP centrifuge tube with screw cap, 50 ml, without QuEchERS mixtures.

aluminium oxide, acidic, neutral, basic

aluminium oxide, high purity, pore volume 0.90ml/g, particle size 60 to 150µm, specific surface 150m²/g, acidic, pH 4 ± 0.5, recommended application: together with phase SA for PCB and pesticides.

Alox A: acidic, pH 4 ± 0.5
Alox N: neutral, pH 7 ± 0.5
Alox B: basic, pH 9.5 ± 0.5

SPE-columns.

Polystyrene-divinylbenzene adsorbent resin for SPE
Basic material: Highly porous polystyrene-divinylbenzene copolymer specific surface 1200 m²/g.
Particle size 50-100 µm very high binding capacity, up to 30 % of adsorbent weight.
Recommended application: aromatic compounds, phenols from water, nitroaromatics from water, pesticides from water, PAHs from oil

Octadecyl modified silica phase for SPE of polar analytes

Base material silica, pore size 60Å, particle size 45µm, specific surface 500m²/g, pH stability 2 to 8, special octadecyl phase for polar analytes, not endcapped, carbon content 15%.

Recommended applications: more polar compounds like pesticides and their polar degradation products, phenols, phenoxycarboxylic acids, nitroaromatics, pharmaceuticals.

Phenyl modified silica phase for SPE

Base material silica, pore size 60Å, particle size 45µm, specific surface 500m²/g, pH stability 2 to 8. Phenyl phase, carbon content 8%
polarity similar to C₈. In addition to hydrophobic interactions more selective adsorption is possible by Π-Π interactions due to the electron density of the phenyl ring.

Recommended applications: aflatoxins, caffeine, phenols.

Octyl modified silica phase for SPE, not endcapped

Base material silica, pore size 60Å, particle size 45µm, specific surface 500m²/g, pH stability 2 to 8. Octyl phase, not endcapped, carbon content 8%, similar to C₁₈, however slightly more polar. Secondary interactions with polar compounds are more pronounced due to shorter alkyl chains.

Recommended applications: pesticides, PCBs.

Cyanopropyl modified silica phase for SPE

Base material silica, pore size 60Å, particle size 45µm, specific surface 500m²/g, pH stability 2-8, cyanopropyl phase, carbon content 5.5%, polar to mid-polar. In addition to weak hydrophobic interactions selective interactions are possible due to the high electron density of the CN group.

Recommended application: cyclosporins, carbohydrates.

Combination phase for SPE analysis of PAH

Special combination phase, cyanopropyl phase for selective adsorption of polycyclic aromatics via Π-Π interactions, unmodified silica phase for removal of polar compounds.

Recommended applications: Extraction of the 16 PAHs according to EPA from soil samples.

Special silica phase for SPE of THC and derivatives acidic analytes from biological fluids (urine, blood ...)

base material silica, pore size 60Å, particle size 45µm, specific surface 500m²/g, pH stability 2 to 8, special bifunctional modification - C₈/ SB (strong anion exchanger - quaternary amine).

Recommended applications: extraction of THC and derivatives from urine, blood, serum, plasma, acidic analytes from biological fluids.

Special silica phase for SPE enrichment of drugs from urine or plasma

Base material silica, pore size 60Å, particle size 45µm, specific surface 500m²/g, pH stability 2 to 8, special bifunctional modification - C₈/SA (strong cation exchanger - benzenesulphonic acid).

Recommended application: enrichment of acidic, neutral and basic drugs from urine or plasma.

Polar modified polystyrene-divinylbenzene copolymer with a weak anion exchanger

Specific surface 650 to 700 m²/g, particle size 80µm, pore size 50 Å, pH stability 1 to 14. Due to bifunctional modification much more hydrophilic than conventional polystyrene-divinylbenzene polymers and thus easily wettable with water.

Recommended applications: polar herbicides / pesticides from water (acidic, neutral, basic), polar phenols from water, polyaromatic compounds, polychlorinated biphenyls, drug analysis from urine, blood, serum, plasma pharmaceuticals / active ingredients from tablets, creams.

Due to the bifunctional modification CHROMABOND^® Easy is considerably more hydrophilic than conventional polystyrene-divinylbenzene polymers and thus easily wettable with water. The Easy effect: Aqueous samples can be loaded directly without preconditioning! This means that little or even no conditioning is needed, in contrast to standard SPE materials, where recovery rates normally decrease, in the worst case down to zero! Depending on the separation task conditioning may be required and is recommended for method development. A positive side effect of the excellent wettability: there is no decrease of recovery rates, if the cartridge runs dry, therefore automation is easier or, in some cases compared to silica materials, only feasible with CHROMABOND^® Easy, because a permanent vacuum can be used without supervision.

Further advantages of using a polymeric material:

• high surface, this means very high binding capacity (2 - 5 times higher than silica-based adsorbents)
• less adsorbent is needed in the cartridge (without losing sensitivity or recovery)
• faster analysis, because the height of the adsorbent bed can be reduced
• acidic or basic solvents (e. g. TFA) do not destroy the phase, or lead to unintended side products

Magnesium silicate for SPE

Matrix magnesium silicate (MgO to SiOH 15:85), high purity, particle size 150 to 250µm.

Recommended application: organic tin compounds, aliphatic carboxylic acids, PCB, PAH.

Spherical, hydrophobic polystyrene-divinylbenzene resin for SPE
Hydrophobic polystyrene-divinylbenzene copolymer pH stability 1 to14. High-purity material with highest reproducibility and lowest blank values due to a novel manufacturing process, spherical particles 85mm; pore size 55 to 60Å. Very high surface 1000m²/g; capacity 390mg/g (caffeine in water). Excellent recovery rates especially for the enrichment of pharmaceuticals/active ingredients due to the spherical structure of the particles, very homogeneous surface, and optimised pore structure.

Recommended applications: pharmaceuticals/active ingredients from tablets, creams and water/waste water, drugs and pharmaceuticals from urine, blood, serum and plasma trace analysis of pesticides.

The innovative cation exchanger offers:

mixed-mode SPE phase with distinct cation exchange and RP properties excellent enrichment of basic analytes
modern support polymer with optimised pore structure and large specific surface
good reproducibility, reliable and cost-efficient analyses
more aggressive washing procedures for matrix removal possible
cleaner samples and protection of analytical HPLC and GC instrumentation
quantificationof analytes from heavily contaminated samples
lower limits of detection also for critical matrices

... the perfect fit for basic analytes in comination with CHROMABOND^® HR-X
Benzenesulfonic acid modified polymeric cation exchanger for SPE

Base material spherical PS/DVB copolymer, pore size 65-75Å, particle sizes 45µm or 85µm (standard), very large specific surface 800m²/g, pore volume 1.4cm³/g, pH stability 1-14. Benzenesulfonic acid modification, exchange capacity 1.0meq/g, pKa < 1 RP capacity 300mg/g (caffeine in water). High-purity material, highest reproducibility and lowest blank values due to an optimized production process, outstanding recovery rates especially for the enrichment of basic analytes for standard protocol.

Recommended application: basic active ingredients from strongly matrix-contaminated samples like, e.g., urine, plasma, serum, fungicides from food, basic analytes like, e.g., amines, bases with pKa 2-10.

Special phase for SPE analysis of PCB from sludge

Special combination phase:
N: sodium sulphate for removal of trace water.
A: SiOH/AgNO₃ phase for removal of sulphur, sulphur-containing and polar compounds.

Recommended application: extraction of PCB from sludge.

Diol modified silica phase for SPE

Base material silica, pore size 60Å, particle size 45µm, specific surface 500m²/g, pH stability 2 to 8, diol phase, carbon content 5.5%, polar properties similar to SiOH.

Recommended application: antibiotics, prostaglandins.

Polyamide 6 for SPE

Matrix polyamide 6, unmodified, high purity, particle size 40 to 80µm.

Recommended application: flavonoids, PAH.

The innovative cation exchanger offers:

mixed-mode SPE phase with distinct cation exchange and RP properties excellent enrichment of basic analytes
modern support polymer with optimised pore structure and large specific surface
good reproducibility, reliable and cost-efficient analyses
more aggressive washing procedures for matrix removal possible
cleaner samples and protection of analytical HPLC and GC instrumentation
quantificationof analytes from heavily contaminated samples
lower limits of detection also for critical matrices

... the perfect fit for basic analytes in comination with CHROMABOND^® HR-X
SPE phases for polymer-based RP and ion chromatography

Base material: high-purity polystyrene-divinylbenzene copolymers (PS/DVB)
pore size 100 Å, paricle size 100µm. Verly low degree of swelling, thus very well suited for chromatography. Different modifications for different applications from elimination of nonpolar compounds up to removal of specific polar comonents.

Recommended application:
Removal of interfering compounds

• improves chromatographic separtions, if the interfering components overlap with the analyte in the chromatogram
• improves lifetime of the chromatographic column, since interfering components can irreversibly block the column packing

Propylsulphonic acid modified silica cation exchanger for SPE

Base material silica, pore size 60Å, particle size 45µm, specific surface 500m²/g, pH stability 2 to 8, propylsulphonic acid modified silica, very strong cation exchanger (capacity ~ 0.7meq/g), contrary to the SA phase no P-P interactions.

Recommended applications: weak cations.

Benzenesulphonic acid modified silica cation exchanger for SPE (SCX)

Base material silica, pore size 60Å, particle size 45µm, specific surface 500m²/g, pH stability 2 to 8, benzenesulphonic acid modified silica, strongly acidic cation exchanger (capacity ~ 0.5meq/g). Adsorbent with hydrophobic and Π-Π interactions (benzene ring). Ion exchange of organic compounds from aqueous matrix. Elution of interesting compounds with solvent systems, which compensate the ionic and nonpolar interactions, e.g. methanolic HCl.

Recommended application: amino acids, amines, chlorophyll, PCB.

Combination phase for SPE analysis of PCB

Special combination phase:
SA: strongly acidic cation exchanger based on silica with benzenesulphonic acid modification.
SiOH: unmodified silica for removal of polar compounds.

Recommended application: extraction of PCB from waste oil (hexane extract).

Quaternary ammonium modified silica anion exchanger for SPE (SAX)

Base material silica, pore size 60 Å, particle size 45 µm, specific surface 500 m²/g, pH stability 2 to 8. Silica modified with quaternary amine. Strongly basic anion exchanger (capacity ~ 0.3 meq/g). Not suited for very strong anions such as sulphonic acids, because these are difficult to elute.

Recommended application: organic acids, caffeine, saccharin.

Combination phase for SPE analysis of PCBs

H₂SO₄: H₂SO₄-impregnated silica phase for oxidation of accompanying compounds to ionic and/or polar compounds.
SA: strongly acidic cation exchanger based on silica with benzenesulphonic acid modification for removal of ionic and sulphur-containing compounds.

Recommended application: extraction of PCBs from oil with reference to German industrial standard DIN 51527, part 1. This combination column is used together with a SiOH column.

Kieselguhr phase for liquid-liquid extraction

Base material coarse-grained kieselguhr, large pore size, high pore volume, constantly high batch-to-batch quality, pH working range 1 to 13.

Application: liquid-liquid extraction of highly viscous aqueous solutions such as physiological fluids (blood, plasma, and serum) in clinical chemistry, dyes in textiles, environmental and food analysis.

Glass columns availlable on request.

Empty CHROMABOND^® column (PP) for SPE, one PE-filter element is already inserted in the column.

96-well polypropylene plates for simultaneous filtration of 96 samples
Advantages of this high-throughput system are:

• economical by saving time and solvent
• use of multi-channel pipettors facilitates liquid transfer steps
• readily adaptable to all common automated/robotic handling systems
• minimised dead volume (≤ 40µl)
• membrane materials correspond to the respective CHROMAFIL^® syringe filters

50 bags of 14.5g (for max. 20ml aqueous solution each).

QuEChERS method and pre-mixes
Within a few years after its devleopment by Anastassiades et al. the QuEChERS method has gained a leading position for determination of pesticide residues in food by GC-MS or LC-MS allowing rapid and cheap clean-up of strong matrix-contaminated samples.
Standard clean-up of food samples
10 g sample are homogenised with 10 ml acetonitrile. After adding the internal standard the sample is shaken with 4 g MgSO₄ and 1 g NaCI and afterwards centrifuged. 1 ml of the supernantant is spiked with 25 mg CHROMABOND^® Diamino and 150 mg MgSO₄ and shaken again. After centrifugation the supernatant is injected into the GC/MS.
Special silica phase for determination of pesticides in food samples with primary and secondary amine functions (PSA).
Particle size 45 µm, specific surface 500 m²/g, pH-stability from pH 2 to 8.

The innovative cation exchanger offers:

mixed-mode SPE phase with distinct cation exchange and RP properties excellent enrichment of basic analytes
modern support polymer with optimised pore structure and large specific surface
good reproducibility, reliable and cost-efficient analyses
more aggressive washing procedures for matrix removal possible
cleaner samples and protection of analytical HPLC and GC instrumentation
quantificationof analytes from heavily contaminated samples
lower limits of detection also for critical matrices

... the perfect fit for basic analytes in comination with CHROMABOND^® HR-X

Aluminium oxide, neutral, pH 7 ±0,5

Octadecyl modified silica phase for SPE, not endcapped

Base material silica, pore size 60 Å, particle size 45 µm for C₁₈, specific surface 500 m²/g, pH stability 2 to 8 octadecyl phases, not endcapped, carbon content 14 % possesses more free silanols (SiOH), which allow secondary interactions with polar groups of the analytes.

Recommended applications: non-polar compounds, pesticides.

Octadecyl-modified silica gel phase for SPE, endcapped
Base material: Silica, pore size 60 Å, particle size 45 µm, specific surface 500 m2/g, pH stability 2-8 octadecyl phases, endcapped, carbon content 14 %, non-polar, hydrophobic interactions with a wide variety of organic compounds.
Recommended application: Non-polar compounds, aflatoxins, amphetamines, antibiotics, antiepileptics, barbiturates, caffeine, drugs, preservatives, fatty acids, nicotine, PAHs, pesticides, PCBs, heavy metals, vitamins.
Very well suited for desalting of samples.

Special phase for drying organic samples
Basic material: Sodium sulfate.
Recommended application: removal of traces of water from organic solutions.

The innovative cation exchanger offers:

mixed-mode SPE phase with distinct cation exchange and RP properties excellent enrichment of basic analytes
modern support polymer with optimised pore structure and large specific surface
good reproducibility, reliable and cost-efficient analyses
more aggressive washing procedures for matrix removal possible
cleaner samples and protection of analytical HPLC and GC instrumentation
quantificationof analytes from heavily contaminated samples
lower limits of detection also for critical matrices

... the perfect fit for basic analytes in comination with CHROMABOND^® HR-X